chandler



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

' H. CHANDLER.

I PISTON WATER METER.

No. 268,387. Patented :Dem` 5, 1882.

N. PETERS Pmmmmphw, wumngm. n. c.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

H. CHANDLER.

PISTON WATER. METER. No. 268,387. Patented Deo. 5, 1882.

jai/612 for.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY CHANDLER, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

P|sToN` WATER-METER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Iatent No. 268,387, dated December 5, 1882. Appiieanon tuen August 24, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY CHANDLER, of the city of Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Liquid Meters, ot' which the following is a specitication.

My invention relates more particularly to that class of liquid meters in which the liquid passing through the measuring-cylinder operates a hollow reciprocating piston, the passage ofthe liquid .through the cylinder being regulated by a hollow valve arranged within the hollow piston.

The object of my present improvementis to construct the apparatus in such manner that the pressure of the liquid is effectively employed in reversing the valve; and my invention consists to that end of the peculiar construction of the cylinder, piston, and valve, as

hereinafter fully explained.

In the accompanying drawings, consisting of two sheets, Figure l is a horizontal section of my improved apparatus with the parts in the position in which the piston moves toward thedeft, as indicated by the large arrow in the center of the figure. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation, showing the cylinder in section and the piston and valve in elevation. Fig. Bis a horizontal section, showing thevalve reversed and.

the piston at the beginning of its movement toward the right. Figs. 4 and 5 are vertical cross-sections in lines x .t and y y, Fig. 1, respectively.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents the measuring-cylinder, provided on one side with an induction-port, tt, to which the induction-pipe is connected, and on the other side with two parallel eduction-por'ts, b b', which open into a chamber, B, to which the eduction-pipe is connected. The piston which moves back and t'orth in the cylinder A consists of two rings, C C', arranged between the eduction-ports b' b', and twol heads, D D', arranged beyond the eduction ports. The rings O O' and the heads D D are connected by longitudinal bars c, which permit the liquid to pass freely into and out of the Vspaces between the heads and rings of the piston. desired, the rings() C' and heads D D' of the piston may be grooved on their peripheries and provided with packing-rings, as indicated in the drawings.

E represents the valve, which is arranged within the piston and which controls the flow of the liquid through the cylinder. This valve is divided into two equal parts by a central partition-plate, e, lthe two parts of the valve being arranged symmetrically on both sides of this plate. The middle portion of the valve tits snugly in the rings O O of the piston in which it slides, and the contracted tubular end portions, F F', of the valve slide in openings formed in the heads D D' of the pistou.

g g' are two annular ports or sets of ports formed in the enlarged middle portion of the valve on opposite sides of the plate e, and arranged-to be alternately opened and closed by the rings G O' of the piston. rlhe heads D D'of the piston are dished or depressed from their periphery to the central openings, through which the tubular end portionsF F' ofthe valve pass, and these end portions are provided with collars h h', which strike against the outer sides of the heads D D', and thereby limit the movement ot the valve and seat in the piston. As shown in the drawings,the dished portions of the headsD D' may be composed of a separate piece fastened to the peripheral portion ot1 the heads by a screw-thread. The collars h h' are attached in the same manner to the ends of the tubular portions F F of the valve.

` t t" are projecting pins secured to the collars h h', and adapted to come in contact with the heads A' A'L of the cylinder and arrest the movement of the valve at the end of its stroke.

The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows: Assuming the parts to be in the. position represented in Fig. 1, the liquid entering the cylinder through the induction-port a passes into the space between the two piston-rings C G', thence through the ports g into the cavity of the valve E, and thence through the tubular portion F ofthe valve into the space between the piston-head D and cylinder-head A'. The pressure of the liquid so entering the cylinder forces the piston andthe valve toward the left, asl indicated by the large arrow in the center of Fig. 1, and eXpels the waterfrom before the piston and valve through the eduction-port b. The water which is contained in the space betweenthe cylinder'head IOO A2 and the piston-head D' passes through the tubular portion F of the valve into the cavity thereof, and thence through the ports g' into the space between the ring C' and the head D', whence it escapes through the eduction-port b' into the chamber B. This operation continues until the port b is nearly closed by the ring C, when the pins t" of the valve strike against the cylinder-head A2 and arrest the movement of the valve. The piston continues its movement under the pressure of the liquid behind it, and closes the education-port b', thereby preventing the escape of the liquid which is still contained in the space before the piston and valve. rIhe piston still continues its movement toward the left, and the liquid confined in the space before the piston, as above described, is displaced by the piston and moves the valve backward or toward the right in Fig. l. This movement of the valve is rendered possible by the escape of the liquid contained in the space surrounding the tribular portion F of the valve through the eduction-port b. The valve is in this manner moved backward, or to the right in Fig. 1, by the water-pressure acting upon the piston, until communication is established between the ports g of the valve and the eduction-port b, when the motion of the piston ceases and the valve is quickly moved toits opposite seat. (Represented in Fig. 3.) In this position of the parts the liquid passes from the induction-port a through the ports g' and the tubular portion F of the valve into the space between the cylinder-head A2 and the piston-head D', and the liquid con` tained in the space between the cylinder-head A' and the piston-head D escapes through the tubular portion F of the valve and the ports g and b into the chamber B. rlbe piston now travels toward the right and the parts remain in this position until the pins@` come incontact with the cylinder-head A', when the valve and the movement of the piston are again reversed in the same manner. The valve is, however, reversed just as effectually without the employment of any positive means for arresting its movement, because the closing of the eduction-port operates to reverse the valve by throwing the pressure of the liquid upon the same in a direction in which it will cause a reversal of the valve; but I prefer to arrest the movement of the valve before the eductionport is entirely closed, in order to avoid a mom entarycessation of the flow of liquid from the cylinderduringthereversalofthevalve. Such interruptions of the flow of liquid are further guarded against by forming annular recesses la 7a' in the heads A' A2 of the cylinder at the ends of the cylinder-body. Therecesseskc' are made somewhat longer and deeper than the annular heads D D' at the ends of the piston, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. When the piston has reached the end of its stroke the annular head D D' at the outer end of the piston has passed beyond the end of the cylinder proper and projects into or is located within the adjacent recess 7c k', which latter affords a free space around the front, outer, and rear sides of the annular head D D', thereby establishing for the time being acommunicatiou between the spaces on the front and :rear sides of the annular head around the periphery thereof. The valve travels backward at the same time and gradually closes the valve-ports g g on the same side. and the communication by the recesses lc k' is established before the valve-port is entirely closed, thereby insuring a communication between the spaces on opposite sides of the same piston-head D D' at all times, either through the valve-ports g g' or through the recesses k 7c'. By this means the formation of a partial vacuum in the space between the piston-head and the enlarged middle portion of the valve during the reversal of the latter is entirely prevented. The valve-ports g g' are so arranged with reference to the rings or bearing-surfaces of the piston, which open and close these ports, that during the reversal of the valve one port is always partly opened before the other port is entirely closed, thereby avoiding interruptions in the flow of water into the cylinder.

L represen ts a registering mechanism, of any suitable and well-known construction, arranged in a casing, M, cast with or secured to the cylinder.

l is the actuating bar or arm of the registering mechanism projecting through a slot, fm, into the cylinder between the rings G G' of the piston, so as to be moved alternately in opposite directions by these rings C C'.

My improved apparatus may be employed as a motor by connecting a piston-rod with one ofthe piston-heads D D', or by employing the entire apparatus simply as a valve which supplies the liquid or iiuid to a working cylinder and piston, the working-cylinder being connected with the cylinder A by two ports, which enter the cylinder A beyond the extreme positions of the piston-heads D D'.

I claim as my inventionl. The combinatiomwith a cylinder, A, provided with an induction-port, a, and two eduction-ports, b b', on opposite sides of the center line of the induction-port, of a hollow piston and a divided or double hollow valve arranged within the piston, whereby the liquid is alternately directed into opposite ends of the cylinder and alternately discharged from the eduction-ports, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a cylinder, A, pro- IOO IIO

vided with an induction-port, a, and eductionports b b', of a piston provided with rings (J C' and heads D D', and a divided or double valve, E, having portsg g and open ends F F', substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a cylinder, A, provided with an inductionport,a, and two eduction-ports, b b', of a hollow-piston, O C' D D', and a divided or double valve, E, sliding in the piston and provided with tubular ends F F', seated against the heads of the hollow piston, substantially as set forth.

heads D D', of recesses 7c 7c',formed, atrboth ends of the cylinder and made wider and deeper than the annular headsDD', whereby when one of said heads projects into one of the recesses k k" at the end of the stroke a communication is established around the head between the spaces on the front and rear sides thereof, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with a cylinder having an induction-port, a, and a piston provided with rings C C', of a divided or double valve,

E, provided with ports g g' on opposite sides of its partition, the ports being adapted to be opened on one side before they are entirely closed onthe other side, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with a cylinder, A, pro vided with an induction-port, a, and eductionports b b', of a piston provided with rings G C' and dished heads D D', all connected by bars c, andadivided or double valve, E, composed of an enlarged middle portion sliding in the rings C C' and provided with ports g g', and contracted tubular end portions F F', sliding in the heads D D', substantially as set forth.

8.A The combination, with a cylinder, A, provided with an induction-porgo@ and eductionports b b', of a hollow piston, C lC' D D', and a hollow divided or double valve, E, arranged to slide in said piston and adapted to have its movement arrested before the piston closes the eduction-ports, substantially as set forth.

HENRY CHANDLER. Witnesses:

EDWARD WILHELM, EDW. J. BRADY. 

